Wednesday, January 16, 2013

Criteria for Philanthropy


  Here's a quotidian piece about resource allocation, a yawner, so perhaps you should click elsewhere before you read further.  The main excuse for posting it is my pronouncement when I started this blog that I would use it as "a diary.  But not the type of my youth, books with lock and key that said, 'These are my thoughts!  Hands off!'  Nowadays, one lets it all hang out."  Although what I've written below is fully worthy of the lock and key—not because it's so private, but because it's so dull—it might yet have some value compared to what is daily posted on Facebook.


  I start by saying how impressed and heartened I am that so many moguls do enormous good with their wealth.  Bill Gates is worth more than $50 billion.  (Imagine: that's a million times the median annual salary in the U.S., and its earnings alone are some 50,000 times that salary!)  He established the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, to which he and his wife are devoting their full time, and through which they plan eventually to spend a substantial fraction of their fortune on charitable activities world wide.  Warren Buffett, currently worth slightly less than $50 billion, has pledged to give away 99% of his assets, choosing the Gates Foundation as his vehicle.  Michael Bloomberg, worth a mere $18 billion, has donated billions to his favorite causes.  Even the very nouveau riche Mark Zuckerberg, only 28 and clocking in at nearly $18 billion, just a few weeks ago gave away $500 million.

  What should those of us with scantier resources do?  Unlike the moguls, we can't by ourselves ameliorate the big problems in the world at large: eliminating major diseases, bringing sustenance to whole countries, or transforming education on a large scale.   We wonder how we can most effectively allocate our charitable contributions to more limited goals.  How can we get the most bang for our bucks?

  In years past, I've not been particularly organized in allocating charity dollars, often giving in the spirit of the moment and to causes that are at some remove from me, whose results I cannot easily gauge.  That nebulous approach now seems irrational to me.  Since contributions of a size I can afford are meaningless in addressing the big problems, I've switched to more-focused giving.  I've begun to concentrate on three tiers of organizations where I believe I can make a significant difference and/or to which I feel an important personal connection.  They are, in descending order of importance to me:

(1) Schools where I can help individual youngsters—particularly those from minority groups—get an education they would not be able to get otherwise.  I have already devoted entries in this blog to three such schools [1,2,3].  This tier is a targeted "pay forward" to future generations of the society in which I live, in return for what I have drawn from it.

(2) Institutions I can directly pay back for what they brought to my life, e.g., service organizations in my own community, where I have lived so pleasantly for a half century, and schools that were instrumental in my own education.

(3) Favorite charities of family and friends, at their request, often as memorial gifts in honor of their loved ones.

Like all of us, I get scores of solicitations by telephone and mail from other worthwhile charities (to say nothing of those I think are not) but, if they do not fit into one of these categories, I demur as gracefully as I can. 

  I apply one additional criterion to differentiate among charities: given their relative assets, how much difference can I make by the amount I am able to give?  On this basis, for example, in tier (2) I contribute more to my high school (The Bronx High School of Science), a struggling public school, than to my university (MIT), which already has billions in endowment. 

  I have just reviewed my 2012 giving to see how well I adhered last year to these new criteria.  I  found that I gave the following percentages:

            79.8% to tier (1)
            12.5% to tier (2)
            4.2% to tier (3)
            3.5% to assorted charities that don't fit into any tier, but are legacies from my previous regime.

Those percentages more or less reflect the relative importances I had mentally assigned to the categories.  This year, I will probably rebalance so that the fractions are more like 75%-20%-4%-1%—a little less giving forward, more giving back, and a further phasing out of legacies. 

  I somehow feel better, now that I am being as analytical in charitable giving as I try to be in handling my investments.  I hope my charitable dollars will thereby have more impact than previously.

  WAKE UP!!  You've been dozing in front of your computer screen!